自动加载如何与 Composer 配合使用(页 1) - PHP最新版本 - PHP开发笔记 php|mysql|javascript|thinkphp

xiexie 发表于 2023-2-6 09:30

自动加载如何与 Composer 配合使用

如果您想按照示例进行操作，请确保在您的系统上安装 Composer。使用 Composer 自动加载时，您可以选择不同的方法。具体来说，Composer 提供了四种不同的自动加载文件的方法：<ol style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 30px 0px 20px; padding-left: 2em; list-style-position: outside; list-style-image: initial; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">文件自动加载</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">类图自动加载</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">PSR-0 自动加载</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">PSR-4 自动加载</li></ol>根据 Composer 官方文档，PSR-4 是推荐的自动加载方式，我们将在下一节详细介绍。在本节中，我们将简要讨论其他三个选项。在我们继续之前，让我们快速浏览一下当您想使用 Composer 自动加载时需要执行的步骤。<ul style="box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-left: 2em; list-style-position: outside; list-style-image: none; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Lato, sans-serif; font-size: 15px;"><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">在项目或库的根目录中定义composer.json文件。它应该包含基于自动加载类型的指令。</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;">运行该<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">composer dump-autoload</code>命令以生成 Composer 将用于自动加载的必要文件。</li><li style="box-sizing: inherit; margin: 5px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; outline: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; background: transparent;"><code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">require 'vendor/autoload.php'</code>在文件顶部包含要使用自动加载的语句。</li></ul><div>自动加载：file指令</div><div></div><div>文件自动加载的工作方式类似于允许您加载整个源文件的<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">include</code>或<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">require</code>语句。<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">files</code>每次应用程序运行时，都会加载该指令引用的所有源文件。这对于加载不使用类的源文件很有用。要使用文件自动加载，请<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">files</code>在composer.json文件的指令中提供文件列表，如以下代码段所示。<pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">{
"autoload": {
 "files": ["lib/Foo.php", "lib/Bar.php"]
}
}</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">我们可以在<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">files</code>要使用 Composer 自动加载的指令中提供文件列表。使用上述内容在项目根目录中创建composer.json文件后，您只需运行该<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">composer dump-autoload</code> 命令即可创建必要的自动加载器文件。这些将在供应商目录下创建。最后，您需要<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">require 'vendor/autoload.php'</code> 在文件顶部包含要使用 Composer 自动加载文件的语句，如以下代码段所示。</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"=""><?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

// code which uses things declared in the "lib/Foo.php" or "lib/Bar.php" file
?></code></pre></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">该<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">require 'vendor/autoload.php'</code>语句确保动态加载必要的文件。</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">自动加载：classmap指令</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">Classmap 自动加载是文件自动加载的改进版本。您只需要提供一个目录列表，Composer 将扫描这些目录中的所有文件。对于每个文件，Composer 将列出该文件中包含的类，并且每当需要这些类中的一个时，Composer 将自动加载相应的文件。</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">让我们快速修改composer.json文件来演示类映射自动加载器。</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">{
"autoload": {
 "classmap": ["lib"]
}
}</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">运行该<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">composer dump-autoload</code>命令，Composer 将读取lib目录中的文件以创建可自动加载的类映射。</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">自动加载：PRS-0</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">PSR-0 是 PHP-FIG 组推荐的自动加载标准。在 PSR-0 标准中，您必须使用命名空间来定义您的库。完全限定的类名必须反映<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">\<Vendor Name>$<Namespace>$*<Class Name></code>结构。此外，您的类必须保存在遵循与命名空间相同的目录结构的文件中。让我们看看下面的<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">composer.json</code>文件。<pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">{
"autoload": {
 "psr-0": {
 "Tutsplus\\Library": "src"
 }
}
}</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">在 PSR-0 自动加载中，您需要将命名空间映射到目录。在上面的例子中，我们告诉 Composer 任何以<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Tutsplus\Library</code>命名空间开头的东西都应该在src\Tutsplus\Library目录中可用。例如，如果要<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Foo</code>在src\Tutsplus\Library目录中定义类，则需要创建src\Tutsplus\Library\Foo.php 文件，如以下代码段所示：<pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"=""><?php
namespace Tutsplus\Library;

class Foo
{
//...
}
?></code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"="">这个类是在<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">Tutsplus\Library</code>命名空间中定义的。此外，文件名对应于类名。让我们快速看看如何自动加载<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px; white-space: normal;">Foo</code>类。</pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"=""><?php
require 'vendor/autoload.php';

$objFoo = new Tutsplus\Library\Foo();
?></code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">Composer 将从src\Tutsplus\Library目录自动加载<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Foo</code>类。以上是对 Composer 中文件、类映射和 PSR-0 自动加载的简要说明。在下一节中，我们将看到 PSR-4 自动加载是如何工作的。自动加载：PRS-4在上一节中，我们讨论了 PSR-0 自动加载的工作原理。PSR-4 类似于 PSR-0 自动加载，因为您需要使用名称空间，但您不需要使用名称空间模仿目录结构。在 PSR-0 自动加载中，您必须将命名空间映射到目录结构。正如我们在上一节中讨论的，如果您想自动加载<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Tutsplus\Library\Foo</code>类，它必须位于src\Tutsplus\Library\Foo.php。在 PSR-4 自动加载中，您可以缩短目录结构，与 PSR-0 自动加载相比，这会导致目录结构更加简单。我们将修改上面的示例 – 看看您是否能发现差异。这是使用 PSR-4 自动加载的 composer.json文件的外观。<pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">{
"autoload": {
 "psr-4": {
 "Tutsplus\\Library\\": "src"
 }
}
}</code></pre><pre class="line-numbers language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-stretch: normal; line-height: 1.5; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" overflow:="" auto;="" margin-top:="" 0.5em;="" margin-bottom:="" padding:="" 1em="" 3.8em;="" border:="" 0px;="" background:="" rgb(39,="" 40,="" 34);="" color:="" rgb(248,="" 248,="" 242);="" border-radius:="" 0.3em;="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" word-break:="" normal;="" overflow-wrap:="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" none;="" position:="" relative;="" counter-reset:="" linenumber="" 0;"=""><code class=" language-php" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Consolas, Monaco, " andale="" mono",="" "ubuntu="" monospace;="" font-size:="" 1em;="" font-weight:="" 600;="" background:="" none;="" padding:="" 2px="" 4px;="" border-radius:="" text-shadow:="" rgba(0,="" 0,="" 0.3)="" 0px="" 1px;="" white-space:="" inherit;="" word-spacing:="" normal;="" word-break:="" overflow-wrap:="" line-height:="" 1.5;="" tab-size:="" 4;="" hyphens:="" position:="" relative;"="">需要注意的是，我们在命名空间的末尾添加了尾随反斜杠。上面的映射告诉 Composer 任何以<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Tutsplus\Library</code>命名空间开头的东西都应该在src目录中可用。所以你不需要创建Tutsplus和Library目录。例如，如果您请求<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Tutsplus\Library\Foo</code>该类，Composer 将尝试加载src\Foo.php文件。重要的是要了解<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Foo</code>该类仍然定义在<code class="inline" style="box-sizing: inherit; font-family: monospace, monospace; font-size: 13.5px; font-weight: 600; padding: 2px 4px; color: rgb(199, 37, 78); background-color: rgb(249, 242, 244); border-radius: 4px;">Tutsplus\Library</code>命名空间下；只是您不需要创建模仿命名空间的目录。该SRC \ Foo.php文件的内容将是相同的那些的 SRC \ Tutsplus \图书馆\ Foo.php的文件 一节。如您所见，PSR-4 导致目录结构更加简单，因为您可以省略创建嵌套目录，同时仍然使用完整的命名空间。PSR-4 是推荐的自动加载方式，它被 PHP 社区广泛接受。如果您还没有这样做，您应该开始在您的应用程序中使用它！</code></pre></code></pre></pre></code></pre></code></pre></pre></div>

[[i] 本帖最后由 xiexie 于 2023-2-6 09:41 编辑 [/i]]

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自动加载如何与 Composer 配合使用